Pembangunan Fizikal Kanak-Kanak Autistik Menurut Pendekatan Ilmu Islam dan Barat

Physical Development of Autistic Children According to the Islamic and Western Approaches


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Authors

  • Siti Aqilah Husin Universiti Malaya
  • Yusmini Md. Yusoff Universiti Malaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol3no2.41

Keywords:

Kanak-kanak autisme, Terapi Mainan, Aktiviti Senaman, Terapi Fizikal, Pendekatan Islam

Abstract

Generally, children with autism have development disorders in many areas such as development delay in the physical aspect. Therefore, western researchers on children with autism have designed and applied interventions and therapies such as exercise therapies, play therapies, and other approaches to improve the children’s physical capabilities and increase their overall function and physical participation. As knowledge in the area of autism is developing globally, modified and integrated approaches for the physical development of children with autism have been gaining attention in countries in Southest Asia such as Brunei, Malaysia, and Indonesia. These approaches are appropriate with the cultures, religions, and social norms in these countries. This study is a qualitative case study using the interview method that involved four teachers in Yayasan Faqeh as the respondents, and the teachers have experiences in teaching autistic children. The data obtained showed the points of saturation and were obtained in accordance with the literature. The results were examined according to themes and sub-themes. The results show that Yayasan Faqeh has been using two approaches, which are exercise therapy and play therapy, that integrate the western and Islamic approaches for autistic children’s physical development. The interview record with the four teachers indicate that the autistic children have shown improvement in their physical development.

Abstrak

Umumnya,  kanak-kanak  autisme  mengalami  masalah  perkembangan  dalam  banyak  perkara  seperti kelambatan  dalam  aspek  pembangunan  fizikal.  Disebabkan  itu,  sarjana  Barat  telah  menjalankan banyak penyelidikan intervensi dan terapi seperti terapi mainan, aktiviti senaman, dan lain-lain terapi fizikal  untuk  membangunkan  fizikal  kanak-kanak  ini.  Seiring  dengan  perkembangan  zaman  dan globalisasi,  ilmu  pengetahuan  yang  melibatkan  aspek  integrasi  dan  penambahbaikan  terhadap pendekatan  terapi  pembangunan  fizikalkanak-kanak  ini  semakin  mendapat  tempat  di  negara  Asia Tenggara  iaitu  Brunei,  Malaysia,  dan  Indonesia.  Pendekatan  tersebut  didapati  meraikan  budaya, agama anutan, dan kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kualitatif dan  kaedah  kajian  kes  yang  menemu  bual  empat  orang  guru  di  Yayasan  Faqeh  di  mana  guru-guru tersebut  mempunyai  pengalaman  mengajar  kanak-kanak  autisme.  Data  yang  diperoleh  mancapai tahap ketepuan iaitu pembinaan tema yang dilakukan tidak terbentuk lagi kerana telah mencapai tahap tidak  mungkin  ada  tema  baru  lagi  yang  terbentuk.  Kemudian  data  dibahagikan  kepada  tema  dan subtema kajian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan Yayasan Faqeh menggunakan pendekatan pembangunan fizikal yang meliputi aspek terapi mainan dan aktiviti senaman. Pendekatan tersebut menggabungkan idea pendekatan barat dan Islam yang mana unsur ketuhanan dalam Islam dimasukkan seperti zikir, selawat,  dan   syariat  Islam.     Malahan,  data  kajian   yang  diperoleh   melalui  rekod  temu  bual menunjukkan   pendekatan   terapi tersebut   menghasilkan   perkembangan   yang   baik   terhadap pembangunan fizikal kanak-kanak ini.

 

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Published

2019-12-01
CITATION
DOI: 10.33102/jqss.vol3no2.41
Published: 2019-12-01

How to Cite

Husin, S. A., & Md. Yusoff, Y. (2019). Pembangunan Fizikal Kanak-Kanak Autistik Menurut Pendekatan Ilmu Islam dan Barat: Physical Development of Autistic Children According to the Islamic and Western Approaches. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs, 3(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol3no2.41

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