Analisis Kesesuaian Kandungan Buku al-Rasm al-Ishari sebagai Bahan Pembelajaran Pratilawah Quran Isyarat bagi Komuniti OKU Pendengaran

Content Suitability Analysis of al-Rasm al-Ishari as a Learning Resource for Sign-Based Quran Pre-Recitation among the Hearing-Impaired Community

Abstract

The Quran learning process involves phases of recognising, memorising, reading, and understanding (Surah al-Qiyamah, 75:16–19), and this framework has been applied in Quran recitation teaching and learning (PdP) in Malaysia for both typical learners and Persons with Disabilities (PwD), including those with hearing impairment or the deaf. This study focuses on the first three phases related to the deaf community’s mastery of pre-recitation (pratilawah) skills using the Quranic Hand Code signs (KTQ). Previous studies indicate that the deaf face challenges such as the mismatch of phonics-based teaching aids like the Iqra’ book, difficulties in remembering and understanding KTQ signs, and confusion caused by Quranic letter forms that change according to their position within a word. In response, al-Rasm al-Ishari was developed as a sign-based Quran pre-recitation book. This study adopts a qualitative approach using descriptive document analysis. The al-Rasm al-Ishari book was analysed by focusing on its content, guidelines and activities, as well as its presentation, in order to evaluate its suitability for sign-based Quran pre-recitation learning among the deaf community. The findings indicate that suitability for sign-based Quran pre-recitation learning among the deaf community. The findings indicate that al-Rasm al-Ishari is deaf-friendly and has the potential to support pre-recitation learning. However, continuous improvements such as brief explanations of letter-joining rules and more varied reinforcement exercises are recommended to enhance their understanding. The implication of this study is that it supports the development of more deaf-friendly pre-recitation teaching aids, helping the deaf to recognise Quranic letters more accurately and reduce confusion during learning.

Keywords: Quranic Hand Code Signs, Hearing-impaired Persons, Sign-Based Quranic Pre-Recitation

Abstrak
Proses pembelajaran Quran yang merangkumi fasa mengenal, menghafaz, membaca dan memahami (Surah al-Qiyamah, 75:16–19) telah diaplikasikan dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (PdP) tilawah Quran di Malaysia untuk komuniti tipikal dan Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU), termasuk OKU Pendengaran atau Orang Pekak (OP). Kajian ini memfokuskan tiga fasa awal yang berkait dengan penguasaan OP dalam kemahiran pratilawah menggunakan isyarat Kod Tangan Quran (KTQ). Kajian terdahulu menunjukkan komuniti OP berdepan dengan cabaran seperti ketidaksesuaian Bahan Bantu Mengajar (BBM) berasaskan fonetik seperti buku Iqra’, kesukaran mengingati dan memahami isyarat KTQ serta kekeliruan bentuk huruf Quran yang berubah mengikut kedudukan dalam kalimah. Sehubungan itu, buku al-Rasm al-Ishari dibangunkan sebagai buku pratilawah Quran isyarat. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis kandungan secara deskriptif. Buku al-Rasm al-Ishari dianalisis dengan menumpukan aspek isi kandungan, panduan dan aktiviti, serta persembahan bagi menilai kesesuaian buku tersebut dalam pembelajaran pratilawah Quran isyarat bagi OP. Dapatan menunjukkan al-Rasm al-Ishari bersifat mesra OP dan berpotensi menyokong pembelajaran pratilawah, namun penambahbaikan seperti penerangan konsep sambungan huruf dan latihan yang pelbagai dicadangkan bagi meningkatkan kefahaman OP. Implikasi kajian ini ialah menyokong penyediaan BBM pratilawah yang lebih mesra OP, sekali gus membantu OP mengenal huruf dengan lebih tepat dan mengurangkan kekeliruan semasa pembelajaran.

Kata kunci: Isyarat Kod Tangan Quran, OKU Pendengaran, Pratilawah Quran Isyarat