Kedudukan Taksonomi Bloom Menurut Perspektif Islam
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https://doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol2no1.8Keywords:
Taksonomi Bloom, Kemahiran Berfikir, al-Quran, IslamAbstract
Bloom’s Taxonomy known as a hierarchical framework of learning objective that is used by teachers to measure students’ higher order thinking skills based on questions in learning. There are three domain on Bloom taxonomy which is cognitive (intellectual skill), affective (generic skill) and psychomotor (practical skill). The cognitive domain of Bloom consists of six level organized in a hierarchy from lower until higher level which includes remembering, understanding, application, analysis, evaluation and creating. Since it is introduce by Benjamin Bloom in year 1956, studies have shown there are numerous Western studies have been discusess the strengths and weaknesses of Bloom Taxonomy. However, what is the position of Bloom's Taxonomy according to the Islamic perspectives? Therefore, this paper will concentrate on the criticisms by Western and Islamic perspective against Bloom’s Taxonomy. This study will be conducted using qualitative method by analysing data with descriptive method. The findings show there are criticisms and improvements in the past studies that focus on Bloom's taxonomy into four themes: (1) hierarchical structure, (2) classification structure, (3) uses and (4) new taxonomy requirements to fit the new skills required by the 21st century learning. Indeed, this article can provides a catalyst for further exploration of Islamic influence in education.
Abstrak
Taksonomi Bloom merupakan objektif pendidikan yang digunakan oleh pendidik untuk mengukur dan meningkatkan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi pelajar dalam pembelajaran. Terdapat tiga domain utama yang perlu dicapai iaitu kognitif (kemahiran intelektual), afektif (kemahiran generik) dan psikomotor (kemahiran praktikal teknikal). Malahan, domain ini diklasifikasikan mengikut enam aras berbentuk piramid yang disusun dari aras rendah hingga ke aras tinggi. Ia merangkumi aras pengetahuan, pemahaman, aplikasi, analisis, sintesis dan penilaian. Sejak ia diperkenalkan oleh Benjamin Bloom pada tahun 1956, terdapat pelbagai kajian Barat yang membincangkan tentang kekuatan dan kelemahan Taksonomi Bloom. Namun, bagaimana pula kedudukan Taksonomi Bloom menurut perspektif Islam? Oleh itu, artikel ini membincangkan kritikan Barat dan pandangan Islam terhadap taksonomi Bloom. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif di mana data akan dianalisis melalui kaedah deskriptif. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat kritikan dan penambaikan dari kajian lepas yang menfokuskan taksonomi Bloom kepada empat tema: (1) susunan hierarki, (2) pengelasan struktur, (3) kegunaan dan (4) keperluan kepada taksonomi yang baru sesuai dengan arus pembelajaran abad ke 21. Kajian ini juga dilihat sebagai pemangkin awal bagi meluaskan bidang pengukuran Islam dalam sistem pendidikan di Malaysia.
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